Chapter 2 Reflection

Chapter two introduces the Sumarians who had the earliest written language. Within the Indus Valley, very little is recorded in respect to their civilization. In Central Asia, there was not much of a literary culture needed in order for their civilization to function. All of these civilizations were founded near a source of water. All of these societies at one point or another, gave up their egalitarian lifestyle that at one point, was of important value. As technology developed, it produced economies that in turn contracted human greed leading to an unbalanced society. This new found greed created divisions in social class and gender. In regards to gender, the once valued sense of egalitarianism quickly faded away. Within these city-states, slavery, inequalities and warfare became widespread, leading to a new inequitable society.